01 - Bring a large pot of generously salted water to a rolling boil. Add the mafaldine and cook until al dente according to package directions.
02 - Three minutes before the pasta finishes cooking, add the broccoli florets directly to the boiling pasta water to blanch them until tender-crisp.
03 - Scoop out roughly ⅓ cup of the starchy pasta water and set aside. Drain the mafaldine and broccoli together in a colander.
04 - While the pasta cooks, warm the olive oil and butter together in a large skillet over medium heat. Add the garlic and gently sauté for about 1 minute until fragrant, taking care not to let it brown.
05 - Transfer the drained pasta and broccoli into the skillet. Toss everything to coat evenly in the garlicky butter.
06 - Stir in the lemon zest, lemon juice, and heavy cream if using. Splash in the reserved pasta water as needed to loosen the sauce into a silky, glossy consistency.
07 - Scatter the grated Parmesan over the pasta and toss vigorously until the cheese melts and the sauce clings to every ribbon. Season with salt and pepper to taste.
08 - Serve immediately in warmed bowls, garnished with freshly chopped herbs and an extra dusting of Parmesan if desired.