01 - Combine yogurt, lemon juice, ginger paste, garlic paste, cumin, coriander, chili powder, turmeric, and salt in a large bowl. Add chicken pieces, toss to coat thoroughly. Cover and refrigerate for at least 1 hour, up to overnight for maximum flavor penetration.
02 - Bring water to boil in a large pot. Add salt, bay leaves, cardamom pods, cloves, and cinnamon stick. Drain soaked rice and add to boiling water. Cook until grains are 70% done, approximately 7-8 minutes. Drain completely and set aside, removing whole spices if preferred.
03 - Heat butter and oil in a large skillet over medium heat. Add chopped onions and sauté until golden brown, about 6-8 minutes. Add ginger and garlic paste, stirring constantly for 1 minute until fragrant.
04 - Add marinated chicken to the skillet, reserving excess marinade. Cook until pieces develop a light brown sear, about 6-8 minutes.
05 - Sprinkle garam masala, cumin, paprika, and chili powder over chicken. Stir to coat evenly. Pour in crushed tomatoes and simmer for 10 minutes. Add heavy cream and sugar, season with salt to taste. Simmer until sauce thickens and chicken is fully cooked, 10-15 minutes. Fold in chopped cilantro.
06 - Spread half the butter chicken mixture across the bottom of an ovenproof Dutch oven. Top with half the partially cooked rice. Drizzle with half the saffron milk and melted butter. Sprinkle with half the fried onions, cilantro, and mint. Repeat layering process with remaining ingredients.
07 - Cover tightly with aluminum foil or a secure lid. Bake at 350°F for 25 minutes, or place over very low heat on stovetop for 25 minutes. Remove from heat and let rest covered for 10 minutes before gently fluffing with a fork. Serve hot.